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Generic/Active Ingredient : Boldenone Undecylenate – 250 mg per 1 ml ampoule (250 mg/ml) Formulation : Sterile oil-based injectable solution Supplied in 1 ml ampoules Physical Form : Liquid injection (oil solution) Packaging : Typically 10 ampoules × 1 ml per pack Active ingredient: Boldenone Undecylenate 250 mg/ml (Class: Anabolic Androgenic Steroid – AAS) Boldenone undecylenate is mainly used in veterinary medicine, especially in horses and large animals for : Increasing appetite Promoting weight gain Improving muscle mass Supporting recovery after illness or surgery Treating debilitated or weak animals It works by stimulating protein synthesis and red blood cell production. BOLDARIX 250 MG INJ 1ML (containing Boldenone Undecylenate) is an anabolic-androgenic steroid, designed primarily for veterinary use (especially in horses) to promote weight gain, appetite, and muscle growth. It is important to note that its use in humans is often illegal, and it is largely utilized in the black market for bodybuilding.

Brand Name: Renocrit 4000 IU Injection Active Ingredient: Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Alfa (Epoetin alfa) – 4000 IU per dose Form: Injection (usually pre‑filled syringe of 0.4 ml) Drug Class: Erythropoiesis‑stimulating agent (ESA) Therapeutic Uses : Renocrit 4000 IU Injection is used to treat or manage anemia caused by: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) – including patients on dialysis or non‑dialysis. Anemia linked to cancer chemotherapy or cancer therapy. Anemia in patients treated with certain antiretroviral drugs (e.g., zidovudine for HIV). It may also be used to reduce the need for red blood cell transfusions before elective surgery in patients at high risk of blood loss. Administration : Route: Injected subcutaneously (under the skin) or intravenously (into a vein) under medical supervision. Dosage: Determined by a doctor based on body weight, hemoglobin levels, and response to treatment. (Active ingredient: Epoetin alfa 4000 IU per 0.4 ml) Main Uses : Anemia due to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Helps increase red blood cell count in patients on dialysis or not on dialysis. Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia Used in cancer patients whose hemoglobin drops due to chemotherapy. HIV-Related Anemia For patients taking antiretroviral therapy (e.g., zidovudine) who develop low hemoglobin. Reduction of Blood Transfusions Pre-surgery or in conditions with expected high blood loss, to reduce the need for red blood cell transfusions. RENOCRIT 4000 IU Injection is a prescription medicine containing Epoetin alfa, used to treat anemia (low red blood cell count) caused by chronic kidney disease (both on and off dialysis), cancer chemotherapy, and HIV treatment (zidovudine). It stimulates bone marrow to produce more RBCs, reducing the need for blood transfusions. Key Uses and Indications : Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Anemia: Treats, prevents, or manages anemia in adult and pediatric patients with kidney failure. Cancer Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia: Helps raise hemoglobin levels in patients with non-myeloid malignancies. HIV-Associated Anemia: Manages anemia resulting from zidovudine therapy. Surgery Support: Reduces potential red blood cell transfusions in patients undergoing elective, non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery. How It Works : Renocrit contains a synthetic form of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells, helping improve oxygen transport and reduce symptoms of anemia. Stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Improves oxygen delivery to tissues and reduces symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Brand Name: Answell Tablet Active Ingredients: Ibuprofen 400 mg – non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drug (NSAID) Paracetamol 325 mg (also called acetaminophen) – analgesic/antipyretic Dosage Form: Oral tablet Strength: 400 mg ibuprofen + 325 mg paracetamol per tablet How It Works : Ibuprofen: Reduces pain, inflammation, and swelling by blocking substances (prostaglandins) that cause these symptoms. Paracetamol: Helps reduce pain and fever by acting on the brain’s temperature and pain‑control centers. Together, they relieve mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever more effectively than either alone. (Contains Ibuprofen 400 mg + Paracetamol 325 mg) Main Uses : Pain Relief (Analgesic) Headache, toothache, muscle pain, joint pain, backache Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) Fever Reduction (Antipyretic) Helps lower high temperature due to infection or inflammation Inflammation Reduction Swelling and discomfort caused by arthritis, minor injuries, or musculoskeletal pain Post-Operative or Post-Traumatic Pain Relief from mild to moderate pain after minor surgery or trauma Answell Tablet is a combination medication containing Ibuprofen (400 mg) and Paracetamol (325 mg), primarily used to relieve mild to moderate pain, reduce fever, and manage inflammation. It is commonly used for headaches, muscle aches, menstrual cramps, toothaches, and joint pain associated with arthritis. Key Uses of Answell Tablet : Pain Relief: Effectively treats short-term pain, including sprains, strains, dental pain, and postoperative discomfort. Inflammation Reduction: Used for swelling and inflammation in joints (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis) and other conditions. Fever Reduction: Lowers high temperature and reduces fever. Headaches and Migraines: Provides relief from severe headaches and migraine pain. How It Works : Ibuprofen: Blocks prostaglandins, reducing pain, inflammation, and swelling Paracetamol: Reduces pain and fever by acting on the brain’s temperature and pain centers

Brand Name: Skin Lite Cream Pack Size: 15 g tube Dosage Form: Topical cream (for external use only) Category: Depigmenting + topical steroid + retinoid combination Composition (Typical per gram) : Hydroquinone IP 2% w/w – Skin lightening agent Tretinoin IP 0.025% w/w – Vitamin A derivative (retinoid) Mometasone Furoate IP 0.1% w/w – Topical corticosteroid Cream base – q.s. Pharmacological Action : Hydroquinone: Reduces melanin production (lightens dark spots). Tretinoin: Increases skin cell turnover, improves pigmentation and texture. Mometasone: Reduces inflammation, redness, and irritation. Indications : Commonly Used for: Melasma (dark facial patches) Hyperpigmentation Dark spots due to acne or sun damage Certain inflammatory skin conditions with pigmentation Application : Apply a thin layer to affected area once daily (usually at night) Use sunscreen during daytime Main Uses : Melasma Treats dark patches on the face (cheeks, forehead, upper lip) caused by sun exposure or hormonal changes. Hyperpigmentation Lightens dark spots and uneven skin tone. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH) Fades marks left after acne, pimples, eczema, or minor skin injury. Sun-Induced Pigmentation Reduces tanning and sun spots (when used with sunscreen). Skinlite Cream (15gm) is a combination medication used for the short-term,, supervised treatment of moderate-to-severe melasma, hyperpigmentation, and skin discoloration, such as dark spots or age spots. It works by reducing melanin, inhibiting inflammation, and promoting skin cell turnover, typically applied once daily at night. Key Uses and Benefits of Skinlite Cream : Melasma Treatment: It is primarily used to treat dark, discolored patches on the skin, commonly known as melasma, which may be caused by pregnancy or hormonal changes. Hyperpigmentation Reduction: It helps reduce acne scars, freckles, age spots, and other areas of excess pigmentation. Improved Skin Tone and Texture: The combination of ingredients exfoliates the skin's surface and promotes faster skin cell turnover, leading to a more even and clearer complexion. Anti-inflammatory Action: It contains a steroid that reduces redness, itching, and swelling associated with skin irritation. How It Helps : Hydroquinone reduces melanin (skin pigment) production. Tretinoin speeds up skin cell renewal and improves penetration. Mometasone reduces redness, swelling, and irritation.

Brand Name: Trazine-S Tablets Dosage Form: Oral tablets Prescription Status: Prescription-only medicine Drug Category: Antipsychotic + Anticholinergic combination Composition (Typical) : Each tablet usually contains: Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride – 5 mg (antipsychotic) Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride – 2 mg (anticholinergic) Pharmacological Class : Trifluoperazine: Typical (first-generation) antipsychotic – phenothiazine class Trihexyphenidyl: Antiparkinsonian agent (reduces drug-induced movement side effects) Indications : Used in : Schizophrenia Other psychotic disorders Severe anxiety (in selected cases) Prevention of extrapyramidal side effects (movement stiffness, tremors) caused by antipsychotics Main Uses : Schizophrenia Reduces hallucinations, delusions, disturbed thinking, and agitation. Other Psychotic Disorders Helps control severe behavioral disturbances and psychotic symptoms. Severe Anxiety (in selected cases) Sometimes prescribed short-term when anxiety is intense and not responding to other medicines. Prevention of Movement Side Effects The trihexyphenidyl component helps prevent or reduce: Muscle stiffness Tremors Restlessness Drug-induced Parkinsonism (These can occur due to antipsychotic treatment.) Trazine-S Tablet is a prescription medication combining Trifluoperazine (an antipsychotic) and Trihexyphenidyl (an anticholinergic) used to treat schizophrenia, acute anxiety, and psychotic disorders. It manages delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia while preventing movement-related side effects (tremors, muscle stiffness) caused by antipsychotics. Key Uses and Benefits : Schizophrenia: Manages symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Anxiety and Tension: Reduces restlessness and severe anxiety. Movement Disorder Prevention: Trihexyphenidyl prevents extrapyramidal symptoms (shaking, spasms) often caused by antipsychotic medications. Psychotic Illness: Helps improve mood and behavior. How It Works : Trifluoperazine balances dopamine activity in the brain to control psychotic symptoms. Trihexyphenidyl reduces movement-related side effects caused by dopamine blockade. TRAZINE-S Trifluoperazine & Trihexyphenidyl TABLETS Dosage, How To Use

Brand Name: Flumet 400 mg Generic Name: Metronidazole Strength: 400 mg per tablet Dosage Form: Oral tablet Drug Class: Nitroimidazole antibiotic / antiprotozoal Composition : Each tablet contains: Metronidazole IP 400 mg Excipients (inactive ingredients) as required Indications / Uses : Flumet 400 mg is used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain parasites, including: Amoebiasis (intestinal & liver infections) Giardiasis Trichomoniasis Bacterial vaginosis Dental infections Intra-abdominal infections Skin and soft tissue infections Post-surgical infection prevention (in some cases) Administration : Taken orally with or after food Swallow whole with water Dose and duration depend on the type and severity of infection Main Uses : Flumet 400 mg is used to treat bacterial and parasitic infections, especially those caused by anaerobic organisms. Common Conditions Treated : Amoebiasis Intestinal amoebic infection (dysentery) Amoebic liver abscess Giardiasis Parasitic infection causing diarrhea Trichomoniasis Sexually transmitted infection Bacterial Vaginosis Dental Infections Gum infections, tooth abscess Intra-abdominal Infections Peritonitis Intestinal infections Skin & Soft Tissue Infections Post-surgical Infection Prevention Especially in abdominal or gynecological surgery Flumet 400 mg Tablet contains Fluconazole, an antifungal medication used to treat various infections caused by fungi and yeast, including mouth, throat, esophageal, lung, bladder, genital, and blood infections. It works by stopping fungal growth, making it effective for conditions like candida infections, cryptococcal meningitis, and certain skin infections. Key Uses of Flumet 400 mg : Candida Infections: Treats infections in the urinary tract, bloodstream, and esophagus. Cryptococcal Meningitis: Treats serious fungal infections in the brain. Vaginal/Oral Thrush: Treats vaginal and mouth infections. Prophylaxis: Prevents candida infections in patients with weak immune systems, such as those undergoing cancer or radiation therapy. Skin Fungal Infections: Used for infections like ringworm and athlete's foot. How It Works : Metronidazole works by: Entering bacterial and protozoal cells Damaging their DNA Stopping their growth and reproduction How It Helps : It kills bacteria and parasites by damaging their DNA, stopping their growth and spread. FLUMET Fluconazole Tablets IP 400mg Administration Indications / Uses

Brand Name: Lenvenib 4 mg Capsule Active Ingredient: Lenvatinib (4 mg per capsule) – a multikinase inhibitor used in cancer therapy. Drug Class: Antineoplastic agent, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that blocks proteins promoting tumor growth and blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). Dosage Form: Oral capsules. Strength: 4 mg lenvatinib per capsule. Primary Uses / Indications : Lenvenib 4 mg is used for treatment in adults of various advanced cancers, often when other treatments are not effective: Pharmacology & How It Works : Mechanism: Lenvatinib inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases including VEGFR1-3, FGFR1-4, PDGFR α, RET, and KIT — proteins that help tumors grow and form new blood vessels. It slows or stops cancer progression by cutting off oxygen/nutrient supply and reducing cancer cell growth Indications : Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) – especially if refractory to radioactive iodine. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) – unresectable liver cancer. Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) – advanced kidney cancer, often with other anticancer drugs (e.g., everolimus). Endometrial Carcinoma – advanced uterine cancer, frequently combined with immunotherapy (e.g., pembrolizumab). Dosage & Administration : Taken orally once daily, with or without food. Swallow capsules whole; do not crush, chew, or open. Dose adjustments are common based on side effects and patient’s condition — monitored by the treating physician. Main Medical Uses (Cancer Treatment) : Lenvenib 4 mg is an anticancer medicine used in adults for: Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) When cancer has spread or does not respond to radioactive iodine treatment. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery) liver cancer. Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Advanced kidney cancer (often used with other cancer medicines). Endometrial Cancer Advanced uterine cancer, usually combined with immunotherapy (e.g., pembrolizumab). Lenvenib 4 mg capsule contains the active ingredient Lenvatinib, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor used as an anti-cancer medication to treat several types of advanced cancers. It works by blocking specific proteins that promote the growth of cancer cells and the development of new blood vessels that supply tumors, effectively starving them of nutrients. Primary Uses of Lenvenib 4 mg : Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC): Used for the treatment of progressive or advanced thyroid cancer that is not responsive to radioactive iodine therapy. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer): Used for the treatment of advanced or unresectable primary liver cancer. Renal Cell Carcinoma (Kidney Cancer): Used in combination with other medications (like everolimus or pembrolizumab) for advanced kidney cancer, particularly when previous treatments have failed. Endometrial Carcinoma (Uterine Cancer): Used in combination with pembrolizumab to treat advanced endometrial cancer that has progressed after prior treatment. How It Works : Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). It blocks proteins that: Help cancer cells grow Form new blood vessels (angiogenesis) By cutting off the tumor’s blood supply, it slows cancer growth.

Active Ingredient: Sulbutiamine Strength: 200 mg per tablet (coated tablet) Form: Tablet (film-coated / sugar-coated) Therapeutic Class: Nootropic / CNS agent (thiamine derivative) Pharmacological Info : Composition: Each coated tablet contains Sulbutiamine 200 mg + excipients (e.g., starch, glucose, lactose, talc, coloring agents) (full excipient list varies by region) Mode of Action: Lipophilic thiamine (Vitamin B1) derivative; thought to support energy metabolism in the brain and reduce fatigue. Indications / Uses : Symptomatic treatment of fatigue / asthenia. May be used to support physical and mental performance and memory/alertness (off-label in some regions). Dosage (Typical) : Adults: 2–3 tablets per day (total 400–600 mg), usually divided between morning and midday meals. Duration: Often limited to up to 4 weeks unless supervised by a healthcare provider. Symptomatic Treatment of Fatigue (Asthenia) : Main approved use Helps reduce physical and mental fatigue Often Used when tiredness is not linked to a serious medical condition Mental Performance Support : May improve alertness and concentration Sometimes used in people experiencing mental exhaustion due to stress or overwork Recovery from Illness : Used as supportive therapy during recovery from infections or prolonged illness Helps restore energy levels Adjunct in Certain Neurological Conditions Occasionally used alongside other treatments for: Mild cognitive complaints Certain mood or motivation-related symptoms How It Works : Arcalion contains sulbutiamine, a fat-soluble derivative of vitamin B1 (thiamine). It crosses the blood–brain barrier more easily than regular vitamin B1 and may enhance brain energy metabolism.

Product: Clavam Dry Syrup 30 ml Dosage form: Powder for oral suspension (dry syrup to be reconstituted with water) Strength (reconstituted): Typically contains Amoxycillin + Clavulanic Acid combination — e.g., Amoxycillin 125 mg + Clavulanic Acid 31.25 mg per 5 ml after reconstitution Composition : Active ingredients (per 5 ml of prepared syrup): Amoxycillin — a broad‑spectrum penicillin antibiotic Clavulanic Acid — a beta‑lactamase inhibitor that prevents bacterial resistance and enhances amoxycillin’s activity Therapeutic Classification : Drug class: Antibiotic combination Pharmacological class: Beta‑lactam antibiotic with beta‑lactamase inhibitor Route & Administration : Route: Oral (by mouth) after reconstitution into a liquid suspension with water. Administration: Shake well before use; measure dose with provided cup/dropper as prescribed. Scheduled typically every 8–12 hours based on doctor’s instructions (dose and frequency depend on age/weight). Clavam Dry Syrup is an antibiotic medicine that helps treat bacterial infections of the ear, nose, throat, chest, lungs, teeth, skin, and urinary tract. It is capable of killing bacteria that have become resistant to other therapies and thus also helps treat tuberculosis that is resistant to other treatments. Main Uses : Respiratory Tract Infections Tonsillitis Pharyngitis Bronchitis Pneumonia Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT) Infections Middle ear infection (otitis media) Sinus infections Skin & Soft Tissue Infections Cellulitis Wound infections Abscesses Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Bladder infections Kidney infections Dental Infections Tooth abscesses Gum infections How It Works : Amoxycillin: Kills bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis. Clavulanic Acid: Inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes that some bacteria produce to resist antibiotics, making Amoxycillin more effective.

Brand / Product: Cefzone‑S 1.5 gm Injection Dosage form: Powder for injection — must be reconstituted before use. Strength: 1.5 g per vial (contains combination antibiotics) Composition : Active Ingredients per vial: Ceftriaxone 1000 mg — a third‑generation cephalosporin antibiotic Sulbactam 500 mg — a beta‑lactamase inhibitor that enhances the antibiotic’s effectiveness by preventing bacterial resistance Therapeutic Classification : Drug class: Antibiotic / Beta‑lactam combination Action: Ceftriaxone kills susceptible bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis. Sulbactam inhibits beta‑lactamase enzymes produced by resistant bacteria, helping the antibiotic work better. Route & Administration : Route: Intravenous (IV) or Intramuscular (IM) injection — only healthcare professionals should administer. Preparation: Sterile water or suitable diluent added before injection. Key Uses and Indications : Respiratory Tract Infections: Treats pneumonia and bronchitis. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Used for complex or resistant UTIs. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Treats infections like abscesses and cellulitis. Intra-abdominal Infections: Used for infections within the abdominal cavity. Meningitis: Effective against infections of the brain and spinal cord. Septicemia: Controls severe bloodstream infections. Surgical Prophylaxis: Administered to prevent infections before surgery. Cefzone‑S 1.5 g contains : Ceftriaxone 1 g – a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic Sulbactam 0.5 g – a beta-lactamase inhibitor that enhances antibiotic activity It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for treating moderate to severe bacterial infections. Cefzone-S 1.5g Injection is a combination antibiotic (Ceftriaxone + Sulbactam) used to treat serious bacterial infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, skin/soft tissue infections, meningitis, and intra-abdominal infections. It works by killing bacteria and stopping their growth. How It Works : Ceftriaxone: Kills bacteria by stopping cell wall formation. Sulbactam: Blocks bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes that can inactivate ceftriaxone, making the combination effective against resistant bacteria.

Brand / Product: Floxip 500 mg Dosage form: Capsule / Tablet (commonly capsule) Strength: 500 mg Composition : Active Ingredient: Ofloxacin 500 mg Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Therapeutic Classification : Drug class: Antibiotic Pharmacological class: Fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent Route & Administration : Route: Oral (by mouth) Administration: typically taken once or twice daily with water, with or without food (follow doctor’s instruction). Mechanism of Action : Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing bacterial DNA replication and leading to bacterial death (bactericidal action). Key uses of Floxip 500 include : Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Treats both complicated and uncomplicated UTIs. Respiratory Infections: Effective against bacterial pneumonia and bronchitis. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Treats infections causing skin inflammation and damage. Gastrointestinal Infections: Used for typhoid fever and infectious diarrhea. Other Infections: Treats prostatitis, sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea), and infections due to surgical procedures. Prophylaxis: Used for preventing certain bacterial infections in patients with weak immunity. Floxip 500 mg contains Ofloxacin 500 mg, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Main Uses : Respiratory Tract Infections Pneumonia Bronchitis Sinusitis Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Cystitis (bladder infection) Kidney infections Gastrointestinal Infections Severe bacterial diarrhea Typhoid fever (caused by susceptible bacteria) Skin & Soft Tissue Infections Cellulitis Wound infections Bone & Joint Infections Osteomyelitis caused by susceptible bacteria Floxip 500 mg Tablet is a widely used antibiotic containing Ciprofloxacin, designed to treat various bacterial infections by killing bacteria and stopping their growth. It is commonly prescribed for infections of the respiratory tract (pneumonia, bronchitis), urinary tract (UTIs), skin, soft tissues, bones, joints, and sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhea. How It Works : Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication. This prevents bacterial growth and kills susceptible bacteria.

Brand / Product: Gluformin XL 1000 mg Dosage form: Extended‑Release (XL) Tablet Strength: 1000 mg (1 g) per tablet Composition : Active Ingredient: Metformin Hydrochloride 1000 mg (extended‑release) Therapeutic Classification : Therapeutic class: Antidiabetic agent Pharmacological class: Biguanide glucose‑lowering agent Formulation & Release : Extended‑Release (XL): Designed to release metformin slowly over time for: Improved tolerability Once‑daily dosing convenience Reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared with immediate‑release forms Route & Administration : Route: Oral (by mouth) Administration: Usually taken once daily with food (as prescribed) to maximize absorption and reduce stomach upset Mechanism of Action : Reduces hepatic glucose production (liver) Improves insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells Decreases intestinal glucose absorption This leads to lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Gluformin XL 1000 Tablet is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps control blood sugar levels and thus prevents serious complications of diabetes. It is also used to treat a menstruation-related disorder known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. Gluformin XL 1000 mg contains Metformin Hydrochloride (Extended-Release), an oral antidiabetic medicine. Main Uses : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Helps control high blood sugar levels in adults and adolescents. Can be used alone or with other antidiabetic medicines (e.g., sulfonylureas, DPP‑4 inhibitors, insulin). Often prescribed as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes / Prevention May be used in high-risk individuals to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Improves insulin resistance. Helps regulate menstrual cycles and promotes ovulation in some patients. Weight Management in Diabetic Patients Helps manage blood sugar without causing weight gain. May lead to mild weight reduction in overweight patients. How It Works : Reduces glucose production in the liver. Improves insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells. Decreases absorption of glucose from the gut. Extended-release (XL) formulation allows once-daily dosing and reduces gastrointestinal side effects.